Event horizon telescope
“We may also see polarized light in an EHT image of Sag A*.
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“Another cool aspect of the M87 EHT image was the degree of polarization in the accretion disk, revealing the structure of magnetic fields in the final orbits around the SMBH,” says Maxwell Moe, editor and NASA Einstein fellow at the U of Arizona. “The Gates of Hell, The End of Spacetime” –World’s Scientists Speak Out On EHT’s Black Hole Picture What we’ll see when the EHT actually sees Sagittarius A* is an area slightly outside the event horizon itself - a region defined by the location closest to the black hole where a beam of light could orbit on a circle, known as the “last photon orbit.” Milky Way’s Sagittarius A* - The Last Photon Orbit He adds that “unveiling this new polarized-light image required years of work due to the complex techniques involved in obtaining and analyzing the data.” “The polarization of light carries information that allows us to better understand the physics behind the image we saw in April 2019, which was not possible before,” explains Iván Martí-Vidal, also Coordinator of the EHT Polarimetry Working Group and GenT Distinguished Researcher at the University of Valencia, Spain. They discovered that a significant fraction of the light around the M87 black hole is polarized.
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The EHT collaboration delved deeper into the data on the supermassive object at the heart of the M87 galaxy collected in 2017. This work is a major milestone: the polarization of light carries information that allows us to better understand the physics behind the image we saw in April 2019 “We are now seeing the next crucial piece of evidence to understand how magnetic fields behave around black holes, and how activity in this very compact region of space can drive powerful jets that extend far beyond the galaxy,” says Monika Mościbrodzka, Coordinator of the EHT Polarimetry Working Group and Assistant Professor at Radboud University in the Netherlands. The observations are key to explaining how the M87 galaxy is able to launch energetic jets from its core”. This is the first time astronomers have been able to measure polarization, a signature of magnetic fields, this close to the edge of a black hole. Polarization of light - Reveals the Physics Behind the Image So M87 became a secondary target in the pursuit of Sagittarius A*. At the high end, it is possibly suitable. “At the small end of that range, M87 would be an impossible target for EHT, Doeleman observed. M87 is an enormous elliptical galaxy 55 million light-years away that harbors a mind-boggling supermassive black hole somewhere between 3.5 billion and 7.2 billion times the mass of the sun. For comparison, Sgr A* is estimated to be about a thousand times less massive, with about 4 million times the mass of the sun. It’s a bit easier to resolve than Sagittarius A* because it’s less variable over short timescales, Doeleman explained. The researchers looked at M87 below, first, because it’s an enormous elliptical galaxy 55 million light-years away that harbors a mind-boggling supermassive black hole somewhere between 3.5 billion and 7.2 billion times the mass of the sun. The obvious target for the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), the team hopes to get imagery of our supermassive black hole soon, said Shep Doeleman, Director, Event Horizon Telescope, following the first ever image of Galaxy M87’s gargantuan black hole (above). What will we actually see? When it’s completed, the picture of the Milky Way’s supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), is an image sure to equal the famous “Earthrise” photo taken by Apollo 8 astronaut Bill Anders in December 1968.